Treatment and Survival Outcomes for Patients with Colorectal Peritoneal Metastases Deemed Ineligible for Cytoreductive Surgery (CRS) with Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC): Results of a Retrospective Study

Ann Surg Oncol. 2023 Apr;30(4):2048-2056. doi: 10.1245/s10434-022-12969-0. Epub 2022 Dec 24.

Abstract

Background: Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is a treatment option for selected patients with colorectal peritoneal metastases (PM). This report provides an overview of treatment and survival outcomes for patients deemed ineligible for CRS-HIPEC.

Methods: Colorectal PM patients referred to a tertiary center from 2014 to 2020 that were ineligible for CRS-HIPEC were included. Patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics were provided. Survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Results: Of 476 patients referred for CRS-HIPEC, 227 (48%) were deemed ineligible. Median follow-up was 15 months [IQR 10-22]. Data on follow-up treatment was available for 198 patients, of which 73% received systemic therapy. These patients had a median overall survival (OS) of 17 months [IQR 9-25]. For patients receiving best supportive care (BSC) median OS was 4 months [IQR 2-9]. The main reason for ineligibility was extensive PM (42%), with a median OS of 11 months [IQR 5-18]. Patients deemed ineligible due to (extensive) liver (9%) or lung metastases (8%) showed longer OS (median 22 months, IQR 8-27, and 24 months, IQR 12-29, respectively) than patients with extensive PM (median 11 months, IQR 5-18) or distant lymph node metastases (median 14 months, IQR 4-25).

Conclusion: The main reason for CRS-HIPEC ineligibility was extensive PM. The majority of patients received systemic therapy. Patients deemed ineligible due to extra-peritoneal metastases had better survival outcomes than patients deemed ineligible due to extensive PM.

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Colorectal Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures
  • Humans
  • Hyperthermia, Induced*
  • Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy
  • Peritoneal Neoplasms* / secondary
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate