Evaluating hypopharyngeal carcinoma using narrow band imaging and oxygen-injected laryngoscope: New technique

Am J Otolaryngol. 2023 Mar-Apr;44(2):103733. doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2022.103733. Epub 2022 Dec 6.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of narrow band imaging (NBI) endoscopic classification for hypopharyngeal lesions and to lay the groundwork for practical applications of oxygen-injected laryngoscope for hypopharyngeal carcinoma (HC).

Methods: A total of 140 subjects with suspected 146 hypopharyngeal lesions were selected for pathological examination. Subsequently, NBI and white light imaging (WLI) endoscopy were performed to observe and classify lesions into 7 types according to our modified NBI classification. Pathological results were used as the gold standard to assess the diagnostic value of the NBI classification. The value of oxygen-injected laryngoscope for accurate assessment of lesion extension was evaluated based on the exposure of hypopharyngeal lesions before and after use.

Results: The accuracy, sensitivity, and negative predictive value of NBI endoscopy in diagnosing hypopharyngeal lesions were 95.9 %, 96.7 %, and 84.6 %, respectively, which were higher than those of WLI mode (p < 0.05). NBI endoscopy was more accurate than WLI in diagnosing malignant lesions (p < 0.05), especially for high-grade dysplasia (HGD) (p < 0.05). There was remarkable consistency between NBI classification and pathological results (Kappa = 0.855). Type Va and type Vb-c accounted for 72.7 % and 92.8 % of HGD and invasive carcinoma, respectively. Moreover, the oxygen-injected laryngoscope was found to provide a more accurate assessment of HC extension (P < 0.001).

Conclusion: We propose a more appropriate NBI endoscopic classification for hypopharyngeal lesions, which can effectively improve diagnostic accuracy, especially for the early diagnosis of hypopharyngeal cancer. Moreover, the application of oxygen-injected laryngoscope is essential for the accurate assessment of HC and has a high clinical utility.

Keywords: Diagnosis; Hypopharyngeal carcinoma; Laryngoscope; Narrow band imaging.

MeSH terms

  • Early Detection of Cancer
  • Endoscopy / methods
  • Humans
  • Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms* / diagnostic imaging
  • Narrow Band Imaging / methods
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Sensitivity and Specificity