Fetal Bradycardia Caused by Monogenic Disorders-A Review of the Literature

J Clin Med. 2022 Nov 22;11(23):6880. doi: 10.3390/jcm11236880.

Abstract

Introduction: The standard obstetric definition of fetal bradycardia is a sustained fetal heart rate < 110 bpm over at least 10 min. Fetal bradycardia can be the first and only prenatal presentation of a heart disease. We present an overview on different genetic disorders that should be taken into consideration in case of diagnosed fetal bradycardia. Methods: A literature review was conducted using a PubMed- and OMIM-based search for monogenetic disorders causing fetal bradycardia in September 2022. Results: The review on the literature identified nine monogenic diseases that could lead to fetal bradycardia. Four of these disorders can be associated with extracardiac findings. Discussion: Genetic testing should be considered in cases with fetal bradycardia, especially in cases of additional extracardiac findings. Broad sequencing techniques and improved prenatal phenotyping could help to establish a diagnosis in an increasing number of cases.

Keywords: arrhythmia; bradycardia; fetal; genetics.

Publication types

  • Review

Grants and funding

The authors received no funding for this study.