1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, UCSF, 550 16Th St, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
2 Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, University of California San Francisco, 1001 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA, 94110, USA.
3 Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, Hôtel Dieu, 44000, Nantes, France. Karim.asehnoune@chu-nantes.fr.
4 Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, Hôtel Dieu, 44000, Nantes, France.
5 UMR 1246 SPHERE "MethodS in Patients-Centered Outcomes and HEalth Research", University of Nantes, University of Tours, INSERM, IRS2 22 Boulevard Benoni Goulin, 44200, Nantes, France.