Evaluation of flue gas emission factor and toxicity of the PM-bounded PAH from lab-scale waste combustion

J Environ Manage. 2022 Dec 15:324:116371. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116371. Epub 2022 Oct 3.

Abstract

Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) has a significant threat not only to human health but also to our environment. In Hungary, 54% of PM10 comes from residential combustion, which also includes the practice of household waste burning. Therefore, this work aims to investigate the quality of combustion through the flue gas concentrations (CO, CO2, O2) and to identify and evaluate the negative impacts of PM and PAHs generated during controlled lab-scale combustion of different mixed wastes (cardboard and glossy paper, polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate, polyester and cotton). Mixed wastes were burnt in a lab-scale tubular furnace at different temperatures with 180 dm3/h air flow rate. Chemical analyses were coupled with ecotoxicological tests using the bioluminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri. Ecotoxicity was expressed as toxic unit (TU) values, toxic equivalent factors (TEF) were also presented. During the combustion same amount of O2 enters the reaction, but a different amount CO2 is generated due to the C content of the sample. The waste with highest C-content related to the highest CO2 emission. Increasing the combustion temperature produces more PM-bound PAHs, which remains the same composition in the case of plastic and textile groups. The TU of solid contaminants decreases with increasing combustion temperature and increases with the minerals which are left behind in the water from the solid contaminants.

Keywords: Emission value; PAH; Toxic unit; Waste combustion.

MeSH terms

  • Air Pollutants* / analysis
  • Air Pollutants* / toxicity
  • Carbon Dioxide / analysis
  • Humans
  • Particulate Matter / analysis
  • Particulate Matter / toxicity
  • Plastics
  • Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons* / toxicity
  • Temperature

Substances

  • Particulate Matter
  • Carbon Dioxide
  • Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
  • Plastics
  • Air Pollutants