Origin, Development, and Synaptogenesis of Cortical Interneurons

Alfredo Llorca; Ruben Deogracias

doi:10.3389/fnins.2022.929469

Origin, Development, and Synaptogenesis of Cortical Interneurons

Front Neurosci. 2022 Jun 27:16:929469. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.929469. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Alfredo Llorca¹, Ruben Deogracias^{2

3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Visual Neuroscience Laboratory, Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburg, United Kingdom.
² Neuronal Circuits Formation and Brain Disorders Laboratory, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCyL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
³ Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
⁴ Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.

Abstract

The mammalian cerebral cortex represents one of the most recent and astonishing inventions of nature, responsible of a large diversity of functions that range from sensory processing to high-order cognitive abilities, such as logical reasoning or language. Decades of dedicated study have contributed to our current understanding of this structure, both at structural and functional levels. A key feature of the neocortex is its outstanding richness in cell diversity, composed by multiple types of long-range projecting neurons and locally connecting interneurons. In this review, we will describe the great diversity of interneurons that constitute local neocortical circuits and summarize the mechanisms underlying their development and their assembly into functional networks.

Keywords: brain; cell death; cortex; development; interneuron; neuron; synaptogenesis.

Publication types

Review