Spatial transcriptome of a germinal center plasmablastic burst hints at MYD88/CD79B mutants-enriched diffuse large B-cell lymphomas

Eur J Immunol. 2022 Aug;52(8):1350-1361. doi: 10.1002/eji.202149746. Epub 2022 Jun 15.

Abstract

The GC reaction results in the selection of B cells acquiring effector Ig secreting ability by progressing toward plasmablastic differentiation. This transition is associated with exclusion from the GC microenvironment. The aberrant expansion of plasmablastic elements within the GC fringes configures an atypical condition, the biological characteristics of which have not been defined yet. We investigated the in situ immunophenotypical and transcriptional characteristics of a nonclonal germinotropic expansion of plasmablastic elements (GEx) occurring in the tonsil of a young patient. Compared to neighboring GC and perifollicular regions, the GEx showed a distinctive signature featuring key regulators of plasmacytic differentiation, cytokine signaling, and cell metabolism. The GEx signature was tested in the setting of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) as a prototypical model of lymphomagenesis encompassing transformation at different stages of GC and post-GC functional differentiation. The signature outlined DLBCL clusters with different immune microenvironment composition and enrichment in genetic subtypes. This report represents the first insight into the transcriptional features of a germinotropic plasmablastic burst, shedding light into the molecular hallmarks of B cells undergoing plasmablastic differentiation and aberrant expansion within the noncanonical setting of the GC microenvironment.

Keywords: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma ⋅ Digital spatial profiling ⋅ Germinal center ⋅ Plasmablast.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • CD79 Antigens / genetics
  • CD79 Antigens / metabolism
  • Germinal Center / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse* / genetics
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse* / metabolism
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse* / pathology
  • Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88* / genetics
  • Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88* / metabolism
  • Plasma Cells / metabolism
  • Transcriptome
  • Tumor Microenvironment / genetics

Substances

  • CD79 Antigens
  • CD79B protein, human
  • Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88