Cardiovascular Prevention Among Young Adults with Congenital Heart Disease

Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2022 Jul;24(7):509-514. doi: 10.1007/s11883-022-01034-6. Epub 2022 Apr 30.

Abstract

Purpose of review: There are over a million adults living with congenital heart disease (CHD) in the USA. There have been improvements in CHD management which have led to an expansion of the adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) population. There is a high prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) encountered in the aging ACHD population. This review focuses on the most recent literature regarding the primary prevention of ASCVD in young ACHD patients.

Recent findings: There are unique considerations for ASCVD risk reduction in ACHD patients. ASCVD may be as prevalent in ACHD compared in the general population. However, there may be a perceived shorter life expectancy in ACHD patients; therefore, primary prevention of ASCVD may not be considered important. Preventative strategies for ASCVD are underutilized in ACHD patients. As these patients are followed for a lifetime by cardiologists, we can truly pursue primary prevention in this aging population.

Keywords: Adult congenital heart disease; Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; Congenital heart disease; Coronary artery disease; Myocardial infarction; Systemic hypertension.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Atherosclerosis* / prevention & control
  • Cardiovascular Diseases* / epidemiology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases* / etiology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases* / prevention & control
  • Heart Defects, Congenital* / complications
  • Heart Defects, Congenital* / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Prevalence
  • Risk Factors
  • Young Adult