Perspectives of diverse Spanish- and English-speaking patients on the clinical use of polygenic risk scores

Genet Med. 2022 Jun;24(6):1217-1226. doi: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.03.006. Epub 2022 Apr 5.

Abstract

Purpose: As polygenic risk scores (PRS) emerge as promising tools to inform clinical care, there is a pressing need for patient-centered evidence to guide their implementation, particularly in diverse populations. Here, we conducted in-depth interviews of diverse Spanish- and English-speaking patients to explore their perspectives on clinical PRS.

Methods: We enrolled 30 biobank participants aged 35-50 years through a purposive sampling strategy, ensuring that >75% self-reported as African/African American or Hispanic/Latinx and half were Spanish-speaking. Semistructured interviews in Spanish or English explored attitudes toward PRS, barriers to adoption, and communication preferences. Data were analyzed using an inductive thematic analysis approach.

Results: Perceived utility of clinical PRS focused on the potential for personal health benefits, and most participants stated that high-risk results would prompt physician consultations and health behavior changes. There was little concern among participants about the limited predictive power of PRS for non-European populations. Barriers to uptake of PRS testing and adoption of PRS-related recommendations included socioeconomic factors, insurance status, race, ethnicity, language, and inadequate understanding of PRS. Participants favored in-person PRS result disclosure by their physician.

Conclusion: Findings provide valuable insight into diverse patients' attitudes and potential barriers related to clinical PRS, guiding future research and patient-centered clinical implementation.

Keywords: Diverse populations; Genomic medicine; Genomic risk; Polygenic risk scores; Risk communication.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Black or African American* / genetics
  • Genetic Testing*
  • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
  • Hispanic or Latino* / genetics
  • Humans
  • Language*
  • Middle Aged
  • Risk Factors