Objective: To analyze the safety and efficacy of combined left atrial appendage (LAA) and patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure in adult atrial fibrillation (AF) patients complicating with PFO. Methods: This study is a retrospective and cross-sectional study. Seven patients with AF complicated with PFO diagnosed by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in Zhoupu Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences from June 2017 to October 2020 were selected. Basic data such as age, gender and medical history were collected. The atrial septal defect or PFO occluder and LAA occluder were selected according to the size of PFO, the ostia width and depth of LAA. Four patients underwent left atrial appendage closure(LAAC) and PFO closure at the same time. PFO closure was performed during a one-stop procedure of cryoablation combined with LAAC in 2 patients. One patient underwent PFO closure at 10 weeks after one-stop procedure because of recurrent transient ischemic attack (TIA). All patients continued to take oral anticoagulants. TEE was repeated 8-12 weeks after intervention. In case of device related thrombus(DRT), TEE shall be rechecked 6 months after adjusting anticoagulant and antiplatelet drug treatment. Patients were follow-up at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 months by telephone call, and the occurrence of cardio-cerebrovascular events was recorded. Results: Among the 7 patients with AF, 2 were male, aged (68.0±9.4) years, and 3 had a history of recurrent cerebral infarction and TIA. Average PFO diameter was (3.5±0.8)mm. Three patients were implanted with Watchman LAA occluder (30, 30, 33 mm) and atrial septal defect occluder (8, 9, 16 mm). 2 patients were implanted with LAmbre LAA occluder (34/38, 18/32 mm) and PFO occluder (PF1825, PF2525). 2 patients were implanted with LACbes LAA occluder (24, 28 mm) and PFO occluder (PF2525, PF1825) respectively. The patients were followed up for 12 (11, 24) months after operation. TEE reexamination showed that the position of LAA occluder and atrial septal defect occluder or PFO occluder was normal in all patients. DRT was detected in 1 patient, and anticoagulant therapy was adjusted in this patient. 6 months later, TEE showed that DRT disappeared. No cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events occurred in all patients with AF during follow-up. Conclusions: In AF patients complicated with PFO, LAAC combined with PFO closure may have good safety and effectiveness.
目的： 初步评估成年卵圆孔未闭（PFO）伴心房颤动（房颤）患者左心耳联合PFO封堵的安全性和有效性。 方法： 本研究为回顾性、横断面研究。入选2017年6月至2020年10月在上海健康医学院附属周浦医院经食道超声心动图（TEE）确诊的7例房颤合并PFO患者，收集年龄、性别、病史等基本资料。根据未闭卵圆孔大小、左心耳口宽度和深度选择相应的房间隔缺损或PFO封堵器及左心耳封堵器。4例患者左心耳封堵同时行PFO封堵；2例患者在房颤冷冻消融联合左心耳封堵一站式手术时行PFO封堵；1例患者一站式术后反复短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA），10周后行择期PFO封堵。所有患者术后持续口服抗凝药物。术后8~12周复查TEE，如果形成封堵器械相关血栓，调整抗凝及抗血小板药物治疗后6个月复查TEE。1、3、6、12、24个月门诊复诊及电话随访，记录心脑血管事件发生情况。 结果： 7例房颤患者中男性2例，年龄（68.0±9.4）岁，3例有反复脑梗死及TIA发作病史，卵圆孔大小为（3.5±0.8）mm。3例患者置入Watchman左心耳封堵器（分别为30、30、33 mm）及房间隔缺损封堵器（分别为8、9、16 mm），2例置入LAmbre左心耳封堵器（分别为34/38 mm、18/32 mm）及PFO封堵器（分别为PF1825、PF2525），2例置入LACbes左心耳封堵器（分别为24、28 mm）及PFO封堵器（分别为PF2525、PF1825）。术后随访12（11，24）个月，复查TEE显示所有患者左心耳与房间隔缺损或PFO封堵器位置正常，1例发生封堵器相关血栓，调整抗凝治疗方案，6个月后TEE复查显示封堵器械相关血栓消失。所有房颤患者随访期间均未发生心脑血管事件。 结论： 对于房颤合并PFO行左心耳联合PFO封堵可能具有良好的安全性和有效性。.