Weaker association between hearing loss and non-employment in recent generations: the HUNT cohort study

Int J Audiol. 2023 Apr;62(4):312-319. doi: 10.1080/14992027.2022.2045367. Epub 2022 Mar 11.

Abstract

Objectives: To examine the prevalence of hearing loss (HL) among employed persons, the association between HL and non-employment, assessing whether this has changed over the last two decades. To identify susceptible groups for HL-related work problems and examine the association between HL and co-worker relations.

Design: Cross-sectional analyses of working-age participants (20-66 years). HL was defined as the pure-tone average threshold of 0.5-4 kHz in the better hearing ear: 20-34 dB (mild) or ≥35 dB (disabling). Associations were assessed with logistic regression.

Study sample: Data from two waves of the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT): HUNT2 1996-1998 (N = 38,603), HUNT4 2017-2019 (N = 19,614).

Results: The nationally weighted prevalence of HL among employees was 5.8%. HL was associated with non-employment, more strongly in HUNT2 (odds ratio (OR) 2.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.0-2.4) than HUNT4 (OR 1.9, CI 1.7-2.1). HL was not associated with poorer co-worker relations. The association between HL and non-optimal work performance was stronger among white-collar workers than blue-collar workers.

Conclusions: Our study shows that HL is common in the employed population. It also indicates a weakened association between HL and non-employment in recent generations. White-collar workers appear to be more vulnerable to HL-related work problems than blue-collar workers.

Keywords: Hearing loss; employment; epidemiology; working population.

Plain language summary

This paper evaluates employment and work performance among hearing impaired. We show a prevalence of hearing loss (HL) among employed persons of 5.8% and that HL is associated with higher odds of non-employment. Our study indicates that the association between HL and non-employment has weakened in recent generations.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Audiometry, Pure-Tone
  • Cohort Studies
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Deafness*
  • Hearing
  • Hearing Loss* / diagnosis
  • Hearing Loss* / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Young Adult