Cutaneous sarcoidosis: Lupus pernio and more

Ital J Dermatol Venerol. 2022 Jun;157(3):220-227. doi: 10.23736/S2784-8671.21.07027-4. Epub 2022 Mar 11.

Abstract

Sarcoidosis is a multiorgan disease commonly evident with skin involvement. Cutaneous manifestations occur in about 25% of sarcoid patients and are of two types: histologically specific sarcoidal infiltrations and a cutaneous reaction pattern not containing sarcoidal changes, usually erythema nodosum. Cutaneous plaques, nodules, and tumors, sometimes with disfiguring facial features are associated with pain and paresthesia. The disease itself may produce substantial morbidity due to visceral involvement. Advances in therapeutic options include tocilizumab, an IL-6 inhibitor, and tofacitinib - a Janus kinase inhibitor. This review discusses sarcoidosis etiology and pathogenesis, its clinical features, differential diagnosis, and management.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Chilblains* / complications
  • Erythema Nodosum* / complications
  • Humans
  • Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid* / complications
  • Sarcoidosis* / diagnosis
  • Skin Diseases* / drug therapy