Systemic Hypertension in Infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Curr Hypertens Rep. 2022 Jun;24(6):193-203. doi: 10.1007/s11906-022-01179-4. Epub 2022 Mar 10.

Abstract

Purpose of review: Neonatal hypertension is increasingly recognized as improvements in neonatal intensive care have led to increased survival of premature infants. Among infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), the rates of hypertension are much higher than the general neonatal population. However, the etiology and pathophysiology of this increased risk of hypertension in neonates with lung disease remain unclear.

Recent findings: Among infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, the rates of hypertension are much higher than the general neonatal population. New studies suggest outcomes in neonates with BPD with hypertension are usually good, with resolution of hypertension in most infants with lung disease. Several potential mechanisms of hypertension in this patient population have been recently proposed. This review focuses on the recent epidemiologic data on prevalence of hypertension in neonates with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, reviews the typical clinical course, and discusses available strategies for management of infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia that develop hypertension.

Keywords: Antihypertensive therapy; Bronchopulmonary dysplasia; Chronic lung disease; Kidney disease; Neonate; Prematurity.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia* / complications
  • Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia* / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Hypertension* / complications
  • Hypertension* / epidemiology
  • Infant
  • Infant, Low Birth Weight
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Infant, Premature