The association between genomic variations and histological grade in hepatocellular carcinoma

Transl Cancer Res. 2020 Apr;9(4):2424-2433. doi: 10.21037/tcr.2020.03.32.

Abstract

Background: Histological grade (HG) is an important prognostic factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. With the development of precision medicine, diagnosis with a sequencing technology has become increasingly accepted. It is vital to discuss their similarities and differences to bridge or improve the traditional HG diagnosis with the novel sequencing technique.

Methods: A total of 658 tumor samples were collected from 602 Chinese hepatocellular carcinoma patients and sequenced for a panel of pan-cancer genes. Nucleotide usage bias, genomic variation-related scores, driver genes, and biological processes were compared among different HGs. These results were further verified using a cohort dataset from the Western population.

Results: Genomic variation subtypes, such as C>G substitution, maximum somatic allele frequency (MSAF), and TP53, and biological processes including "angiogenesis" and "regulation of homotypic cell-cell adhesion" were found to be significantly associated with HG in both Chinese and Western populations.

Conclusions: The association identified between genomic variation and HG could aid our understanding of HG as an important clinical measure, and potentially be used to predict HG for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Keywords: Histological grade (HG); genomic variation; hepatocellular carcinoma; sequencing.