Cardiohepatic Syndrome Is Associated With Poor Prognosis in Patients Undergoing Tricuspid Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Valve Repair

JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2022 Jan 24;15(2):179-189. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2021.10.033.

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and prognostic implications of cardiohepatic syndrome (CHS) in patients with tricuspid regurgitation (TR) treated with tricuspid transcatheter edge-to-edge valve repair (T-TEER).

Background: The role of CHS in patients undergoing T-TEER for severe TR has not been studied.

Methods: This study included patients who underwent T-TEER for TR between 2016 and 2020 at 2 high-volume academic centers. CHS was defined as elevation of at least 2 of 3 cholestatic hepatic enzymes. The impact of CHS on 1-year all-cause mortality and clinical outcomes after T-TEER was investigated.

Results: T-TEER reduced TR severity to ≤2+ in 257 of 305 included patients (86.2%). CHS was present in 45.2% of patients and was associated with a higher rate of mortality and of first hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) (CHS vs no CHS: estimated 1-year mortality, 34.0% vs 15.9% [P < 0.01]; HHF, 23.0% vs 12.2% [P = 0.01]). CHS was identified as an independent predictor of 1-year all-cause mortality (HR: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.10-3.14; P < 0.05). Irrespective of CHS, T-TEER improved New York Heart Association functional class and 6-minute walk distance in the majority of patients. In patients with impaired baseline hepatic function, laboratory liver parameters improved after T-TEER.

Conclusions: CHS is a strong predictor of mortality and HHF after T-TEER and should be evaluated in the process of procedural decision making for T-TEER. Nevertheless, T-TEER is associated with relevant symptomatic alleviation irrespective of CHS.

Keywords: cardiac hepatopathy; cardiohepatic syndrome; congestive heart failure; hepatic function; tricuspid transcatheter edge-to-edge valve repair.

MeSH terms

  • Cardiac Surgical Procedures*
  • Heart Failure*
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation* / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency*