A preliminary study on multi-level biomarkers response of the tropical oyster Crassostrea brasiliana to exposure to the antifouling biocide DCOIT

Bruno Galvão de Campos; Mayana Karoline Fontes; Paloma Kachel Gusso-Choueri; Gabriela Pustiglione Marinsek; Caio Rodrigues Nobre; Beatriz Barbosa Moreno; Fiamma Eugenia Lemos Abreu; Gilberto Fillmann; Renata de Britto Mari; Denis Moledo de Souza Abessa

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113241

A preliminary study on multi-level biomarkers response of the tropical oyster Crassostrea brasiliana to exposure to the antifouling biocide DCOIT

Mar Pollut Bull. 2022 Jan:174:113241. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113241. Epub 2021 Dec 16.

Affiliations

¹ Bioscience Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, 11330-900 São Vicente, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: b.campos@unesp.br.
² Bioscience Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, 11330-900 São Vicente, SP, Brazil.
³ Department of Ecotoxicology, Santa Cecília University, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil.
⁴ Bioscience Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, 11330-900 São Vicente, SP, Brazil; Institute for Advanced Studies of Ocean, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. João Francisco Bensdorp, 1178, 11350-011 São Vicente, SP, Brazil.
⁵ Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Maria Máximo, 168, 11030-100 Santos, SP, Brazil.
⁶ Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália s/n, km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.

PMID: 34923405
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113241

Abstract

This study investigated the sublethal effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of DCOIT on the neotropical oyster Crassostrea brasiliana. Gills and digestive glands of animals exposed to increasing concentrations of DCOIT were analyzed for biochemical, cellular, and histopathological responses. Exposure to DCOIT (0.2 to 151 μg L^-1) for 120 h triggered oxidative stress in both tissues (through the modulation of GPX, GST, GSH and GR), which led to damage of membrane lipids (increase of LPO and reduction of the NRRT). DCOIT increased histopathological pathologies in gills, such as necrosis, lymphocyte infiltration and epithelial desquamation. This study showed that short term exposure to environmental concentrations of DCOIT causes negative effects on C. brasiliana at biochemical, physiological, and histological levels. Therefore, the use of DCOIT as a booster biocide in antifouling paints should be further assessed, as it may cause environmental hazards to marine organisms.

Keywords: Bivalve; Environmental hazard; Histopathology; Neutral red; Sea-nine; Toxicity.

MeSH terms

Animals
Biofouling* / prevention & control
Biomarkers
Crassostrea*
Disinfectants* / toxicity
Gills
Water Pollutants, Chemical* / toxicity

Substances

Biomarkers
Disinfectants
Water Pollutants, Chemical