Novel Variations in the KDM5C Gene Causing X-Linked Intellectual Disability

Po-Ming Wu; Wen-Hao Yu; Chi-Wu Chiang; Chen-Yu Wu; Jia-Shing Chen; Yi-Fang Tu

doi:10.1212/NXG.0000000000000646

Novel Variations in the KDM5C Gene Causing X-Linked Intellectual Disability

Neurol Genet. 2021 Dec 3;8(1):e646. doi: 10.1212/NXG.0000000000000646. eCollection 2022 Feb.

Authors

Po-Ming Wu¹, Wen-Hao Yu¹, Chi-Wu Chiang¹, Chen-Yu Wu¹, Jia-Shing Chen¹, Yi-Fang Tu¹

Affiliation

¹ Department of Pediatrics (P.-M.W., W.-H.Y., C.-Y.W., Y.-F.T.), National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan; School of Medicine for International Students (J.-S.C.), I-Shou University, Kaohsiung; Institute of Clinical Medicine (W.-H.Y., Y.-F.T.), College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan; Institute of Molecular Medicine (C.-W.C.), College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.

Abstract

Background and objectives: To investigate the pathogenicity of 2 novel KDM5C variations, report the clinical and neuroimaging findings, and review the available literature.

Methods: Physical examinations, structural neuroimaging studies, and exome sequence analysis were performed. KDM5C constructs were used to study the effect of the variations in transfected cells.

Results: We identified 2 novel variations c.2233C>G and c.3392_3393delAG in the KDM5C gene harboring from 2 Chinese families with X-linked intellectual disability (ID). The affected male patients exhibited severe ID, short stature, and facial dysmorphism. The 1 with c.3392_3393delAG additionally had epilepsy and autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). Transiently transfected mutant KDM5C constructs both reduced protein expression and stability and decreased histone demethylase activities in cells. Reviewing the available literature, we found that the associated ASD tended to occur in patients with variations near the C-terminus of KDM5C.

Discussion: We report the clinical, molecular genetic, and pathologic features in patients with novel variations of KDM5C. The variability of the clinical phenotype in addition to an ID may associate with altered particular parts of KDM5C.