Objective: To investigate the prevalence and prognosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) complicated with coronary vulnerable plaque (VP). Method: Consecutive patients were included who had undergone coronary artery CT angiography (CCTA) from January 1, 2011 to January 30, 2015 at the First People's Hospital of Neijiang. NAFLD was diagnosed according to the liver imaging findings (liver/spleen CT ratio≤1.0) and clinical data. Baseline data, diagnosis, vulnerable plaque were recorded and followed up. The end points included all-cause death rate, cardiac death rate, non-fatal myocardial infarction rate, and elective coronary revascularization rate. Result: A total of 1 069 patients were eventually recruited in this study, including 316 (29.6%) cases diagnosed as NAFLD. In patients with NAFLD, 130 (41.1%) cases had vulnerable plaque, which was significantly higher than 217 of 753 non-NAFLD patients (28.8%) (P<0.01). The percentages of spotty calcification, low attenuation plaque, positive remodeling and napkin ring sign in NAFLD cohort were 36.5%, 14.2%, 17.6% and 6.8% respectively, while those corresponding in non-NAFLD cohort were 18.4%, 6.3%, 5.8% and 3.2% respectively. The proportion of each vulnerable feature in NAFLD cohort was significantly higher than that in the non-NAFLD cohort, with P values of 0.016, 0.028, 0.019 and 0.042, respectively. The cardiac mortality rate in NAFLD group was significantly higher than and that of non-NAFLD group (7.0% vs. 3.6%, P=0.044). Multivariate Cox analysis suggested that NAFLD was not an independent risk factor for cardiac death. NAFLD subgroup (n=316) was divided into VP positive group (NAFLD+VP+, n=130) and VP negative group (NAFLD+VP-, n=186). The mean follow-up time was 4.6±1.3 years. All-cause mortality rate, cardiac death rate, elective coronary artery reconstruction rate, non-fatal myocardial infarction rate in NAFLD+VP+group were 20.8%, 12.3%, 25.4%, 13.8% respectively, which were significantly higher than those corresponding rates in NAFLD+VP-group (5.9%, 3.2%, 8.6%, 6.5%) (P<0.01, 0.002,<0.01, and 0.032 respectively). Conclusion: The incidences of cardiac mortality, elective coronary revascularization, and non-fatal myocardial infarction are significantly higher in patients with NAFLD than those without. NAFLD combined with vulnerable plaque of coronary arteries predicts worse prognosis.
目的： 调查非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）合并冠状动脉易损斑块的患病率及其预后。 方法： 连续纳入2011年1月1日至2015年1月30日所有在四川省内江市第一人民医院行冠状动脉CT造影的患者，NAFLD诊断根据肝/脾CT比值≤1.0和临床资料。记录基线资料、诊断、易损斑块（VP）并随访。研究的终点是全因死亡、心源性死亡、非致死性心肌梗死、择期冠状动脉血运重建。 结果： 1 069例患者中，诊断NAFLD 316例（29.6%）。316例NAFLD患者中，130(41.1%）例有易损斑块，753例非NAFLD患者中，217(28.8%）例有易损斑块，NAFLD组易损斑块阳性率显著高于非NAFLD组（P<0.01)。NAFLD组点状钙化、低衰减斑块、正性重构、餐巾环征的比例分别为36.5%、14.2%、17.6%、6.8%，非NAFLD组分别为18.4%、6.3%、5.8%、3.2%，NAFLD组各易损特征比例均高于非NAFLD组（P值分别为0.016、0.028、0.019、0.042)。NAFLD组心源性病死率为7.0%，非NAFLD组心源性病死率3.6%，NAFLD组心源性病死率高于非NAFLD组（P=0.044），多因素Cox分析提示NAFLD不是心源性死亡的独立危险因素。根据是否有VP，将NAFLD亚组（316例）分为易损斑块组[NAFLD+VP(+）组，130例]、非易损斑块组[NAFLD+VP(-）组，186例]。随访（4.6±1.3）年，NAFLD+VP(+）组全因死亡率、心源性病死率、择期冠状动脉血运重建率、非致死性心肌梗死率分别为20.8%、12.3%、25.4%、13.8%，NAFLD+VP(-）组分别为5.9%、3.2%、8.6%、6.5%，前者均显著高于后者（P值分别为<0.01、0.002、<0.01、0.032）。 结论： NAFLD患者心源性病死率、择期冠状动脉血运重建率、非致死性心肌梗死率均显著高于非NAFLD患者。NAFLD患者合并冠状动脉易损斑块预后更差。.
Keywords: Coronary angiography; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; Prognosis; Vulnerable plaque.