Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as a film and hydrogel carrier for ACP nanoprecursors to deliver biomimetic mineralization

J Nanobiotechnology. 2021 Nov 22;19(1):385. doi: 10.1186/s12951-021-01133-7.

Abstract

Demineralization of hard tooth tissues leads to dental caries, which cause health problems and economic burdens throughout the world. A biomimetic mineralization strategy is expected to reverse early dental caries. Commercially available anti-carious mineralizing products lead to inconclusive clinical results because they cannot continuously replenish the required calcium and phosphate resources. Herein, we prepared a mineralizing film consisting of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and polyaspartic acid-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate (PAsp-ACP) nanoparticles. HPMC which contains multiple hydroxyl groups is a film-forming material that can be desiccated to form a dry film. In a moist environment, this film gradually changes into a gel. HPMC was used as the carrier of PAsp-ACP nanoparticles to deliver biomimetic mineralization. Our results indicated that the hydroxyl and methoxyl groups of HPMC could assist the stability of PAsp-ACP nanoparticles and maintain their biomimetic mineralization activity. The results further demonstrated that the bioinspired mineralizing film induced the early mineralization of demineralized dentin after 24 h with increasing mineralization of the whole demineralized dentin (3-4 µm) after 72-96 h. Furthermore, these results were achieved without any cytotoxicity or mucosa irritation. Therefore, this mineralizing film shows promise for use in preventive dentistry due to its efficient mineralization capability.

Keywords: Biomimetic mineralization; Collagen; Dental caries; Dentin; Film; Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biomimetic Materials* / chemistry
  • Biomimetic Materials* / pharmacokinetics
  • Biomimetic Materials* / pharmacology
  • Calcium Phosphates* / chemistry
  • Calcium Phosphates* / pharmacokinetics
  • Calcium Phosphates* / pharmacology
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Dental Caries / metabolism*
  • Dentin / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Hydrogels / chemistry
  • Hydrogels / pharmacology
  • Hypromellose Derivatives* / chemistry
  • Hypromellose Derivatives* / pharmacology
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Nanoparticle Drug Delivery System
  • Nanoparticles
  • Rabbits
  • Tooth Calcification / drug effects*

Substances

  • Calcium Phosphates
  • Hydrogels
  • Nanoparticle Drug Delivery System
  • amorphous calcium phosphate
  • Hypromellose Derivatives