Introduction: The present study showed the involvement of immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells during the disease progression in a 69-year-old man with a prostate cancer.
Case presentation: The patient with metastatic PC (cT4N1M1ab) was initially treated with primary androgen deprivation therapy for 5 months and then chemotherapy with docetaxel, but he expired at the 8th month. In order to investigate whether myeloid-derived suppressor cells are implicated in the cancer exacerbation during androgen deprivation therapy, we assessed the long-term changes in peripheral blood myeloid-derived suppressor cell fractions by using flow cytometry. While prostate-specific antigen levels decreased after androgen deprivation therapy, the population of each myeloid-derived suppressor cell subsets increased during disease deterioration.
Conclusion: Increase in myeloid-derived suppressor cells populations was correlated with prostate cancer progression.
Keywords: androgen antagonists; myeloid‐derived suppressor cells; prognosis; prostate‐specific antigen; prostatic neoplasms.
© 2021 The Authors. IJU Case Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of the Japanese Urological Association.