Biologic treatments in Takayasu's Arteritis: A comparative study of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors and tocilizumab

Abstract

Objective: To compare the treatment outcomes of TNF inhibitors and tocilizumab (TCZ) in patients with Takayasu arteritis.

Methods: Takayasu arteritis patients who were refractory to conventional immunosuppressive (IS) drugs and received biologic treatment were included in this multicenter retrospective cohort study. Clinical, laboratory and imaging data during follow-up were recorded. Remission, glucocorticoid (GC) sparing effect, drug survival was compared between TNF inhibitor and TCZ treatments. Also, a subgroup matched comparison was performed between groups.

Results: One hundred and eleven (F/M: 98/13) patients were enrolled. A total of 173 biologic treatment courses (77 infliximab, 49 TCZ, 33 adalimumab, 9 certolizumab, 3 rituximab, 1 ustekinumab and 1 anakinra) were given. Tocilizumab was chosen in 23 patients and TNF inhibitors were chosen in 88 patients as first-line biologic agent. Complete/partial remission rates between TCZ and TNF inhibitors were similar at 3rd month and at the end of the follow-up. GC dose decrease (≤4 mg) or discontinuation of GCs was achieved in a similar rate in both groups (TNF inhibitors vs TCZ: 78% vs 59%, p = 0.125). Drug survival rate was 56% in TNF inhibitors and 57% in TCZ group (p = 0.22). The use of concomitant conventional ISs did not affect the drug survival (HR =0.78, 95% CI =0.42-1.43, p = 0.42). The match analysis showed similar results between groups in terms of relapse, decrease in GC dose, surgery need and mortality.

Conclusion: The efficacy and safety outcomes and drug survival rates seem to be similar for TNF inhibitors and tocilizumab in patients with Takayasu arteritis.

Keywords: Biologic treatment; Drug survival; TNF inhibitor; Takayasu arteritis; Tocilizumab.