Individual psychotherapy can reduce suicidal ideation in first episode psychosis: Further findings from the 2-year follow-up of the 'Parma Early Psychosis' programme

Clin Psychol Psychother. 2022 May;29(3):982-989. doi: 10.1002/cpp.2678. Epub 2021 Nov 3.

Abstract

Introduction: Suicidal thinking is relevant in patients with First Episode Psychosis (FEP). However, longitudinal studies specifically examining treatment response for suicidal ideation in FEP are still relatively scarce, especially with long-term design and in real-world clinical settings. The aims of this research were (A) to longitudinally assess suicidal thoughts in people with FEP along a 2-year follow-up period and (B) to overtime investigate any significant association of suicidal ideation levels with the specific treatment components of an 'Early Intervention in Psychosis' (EIP) protocol along the 2 years of follow-up.

Methods: At entry, 232 FEP participants (aged 12-35 years) completed the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), including a 'Suicidality' item subscore. Multiple linear regression analysis was then performed.

Results: Across the follow-up, FEP subjects showed a relevant decrease in suicidal thinking levels overtime. This was specifically predicted by the total number of individual psychotherapy sessions offered within the 2-year EIP protocol and antidepressant dose (at least as regards the first year of our intervention).

Conclusion: Suicidal ideation is clinically relevant in FEP but seems to improve overtime together with the provision of specific, patient-tailored and integrated EIP treatments, especially individual psychotherapy.

Keywords: early intervention in psychosis; first episode psychosis; follow-up; psychotherapy; suicide; treatment response.

MeSH terms

  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Psychotherapy
  • Psychotic Disorders* / psychology
  • Psychotic Disorders* / therapy
  • Suicidal Ideation*