Improvement of low anterior resection syndrome beyond 2 years after total mesorectal excision

J Surg Oncol. 2022 Mar;125(3):448-456. doi: 10.1002/jso.26729. Epub 2021 Oct 24.

Abstract

Aim: Bowel dysfunction after sphincter-preserving proctectomy, also known as low anterior resection syndrome (LARS), has significant impact on survivors of rectal cancer. This study aimed to assess the temporal change of LARS beyond 2 years after proctectomy, which has not been fully studied.

Methods: We longitudinally enrolled consecutive patients who had received total mesorectal excision in a tertiary academic medical center, with preoperative neoadjuvant therapy if indicated. LARS score was longitudinally assessed by two serial follow-ups, with a fixed interval of 18 months.

Results: Overall, 107 patients responded for the first follow-up after a median of q20 months, 96 of whom responded for the second follow-up after a median of 38 months. At the first follow-up, 48 patients (44.9%) reported major LARS, compared with 23 (24.0%) at the second follow-up (p < 0.001). Mean LARS score improved from 27.3 to 18.6, mostly from "urgency" (12.2 vs. 6.2, p < 0.001) and "clustering of stools" (9.7 vs. 7.7, p = 0.001). Anastomosis less than 3 cm from the anal verge was independently associated with LARS improvement.

Conclusion: Bowel dysfunction continues to improve 2 years after total mesorectal excision, with most symptom relief in urgency and stool clustering, especially in patients with lower anastomosis.

Keywords: bowel dysfunction; improvement; low anterior resection syndrome.

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / pathology
  • Adenocarcinoma / surgery*
  • Fecal Incontinence / diagnosis
  • Fecal Incontinence / epidemiology*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Postoperative Complications / diagnosis
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology*
  • Proctectomy / adverse effects*
  • Rectal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Rectal Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Syndrome
  • Time Factors