Pharmacokinetics of cannabichromene in a medical cannabis product also containing cannabidiol and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol: a pilot study

Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2022 Feb;78(2):259-265. doi: 10.1007/s00228-021-03232-8. Epub 2021 Oct 18.

Abstract

Purpose: Cannabichromene (CBC) is a phytocannabinoid commonly found in cannabis, yet its acute post-dose pharmacokinetics (PK) have not been examined in humans. This is a secondary data analysis from a trial investigating Spectrum Yellow oil, an oral cannabis product used for medical purposes that contained 20 mg cannabidiol (CBD), 0.9 mg Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and 1.1 mg CBC, per 1 mL of oil.

Methods: Participants (N = 43) were randomized to one of 5 groups: 120 mg CBD, 5.4 mg THC, and 6.6 mg CBC daily; 240 mg CBD, 10.8 mg THC, and 13.2 mg CBC daily; 360 mg CBD, 16.2 mg THC, and 19.8 mg CBC daily; 480 mg CBD, 21.6 mg THC, and 26.4 mg CBC daily; or placebo. Study medication was administered every 12 h for 7 days. Plasma CBC concentrations were analyzed by a validated two-dimensional high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay.

Results: After a single dose and after the final dose, the Cmax of CBC increased by 1.3-1.8-fold for each twofold increase in dose; the tmax range was 1.6-4.3 h. Based on the ratio of administered CBD, THC, and CBC to the plasma concentration, the dose of CBD was 18 times higher than the dose of CBC, yet the AUC0-t of CBD was only 6.6-9.8-fold higher than the AUC0-t of CBC; the dose of THC was similar to the dose of CBC, yet THC was quantifiable in fewer plasma samples than was CBC.

Conclusions: CBC may have preferential absorption over CBD and THC when administered together.

Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry #ACTRN12619001450101, registered 18 October 2019.

Keywords: Cannabichromene; Cannabis; Pharmacokinetics; Phytocannabinoid.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Area Under Curve
  • Cannabidiol / pharmacokinetics*
  • Cannabinoids / pharmacokinetics*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Dronabinol / pharmacokinetics*
  • Humans
  • Medical Marijuana / pharmacokinetics*
  • Pilot Projects

Substances

  • Cannabinoids
  • Medical Marijuana
  • Cannabidiol
  • Dronabinol
  • cannabichromene