Effectiveness and safety of a newly introduced multidisciplinary perioperative enhanced recovery after surgery protocol for thoracic esophageal cancer surgery

Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2022 Feb;70(2):170-177. doi: 10.1007/s11748-021-01717-y. Epub 2021 Oct 1.

Abstract

Objective: Data are sparse regarding the multidisciplinary perioperative enhanced recovery after surgery protocol (E-P) for thoracic esophageal cancer surgery that was newly used at another institution. Therefore, this study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the protocol.

Methods: We enrolled 101 patients who underwent transthoracic esophagectomy for E-P at the Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital (SCC). The outcomes obtained at the SCC were compared with the outcomes of 140 patients treated with E-P at the Saitama Medical University International Medical Center (SMU). At the SMU, we compared the results before and after the introduction of E-P.

Results: The rates of morbidity, pulmonary complications, and postoperative pneumonia were 44%, 31%, and 6.9% at the SCC and 44%, 27%, and 6.5% at the SMU (P = 0.91, 0.55, and 0.88, respectively). The mean time to walk was 1.1 and 1.5 days at the SCC and SMU, respectively (P < 0.001). The median length of hospital stay was longer at the SMU than at the SCC (24.0 versus 20.8 days; P = 0.004). In the comparative study before and after the introduction of E-P, the rate of postoperative pneumonia was 16% in the conventional management group and 6.5% in the E-P group (P = 0.02).

Conclusion: Postoperative pneumonia was reduced before and after introduction of E-P. As similar short-term postoperative outcomes were promising (except for the time to walk and postoperative hospital stay), the same E-P that was safely performed at the SMU can be implemented as a standard practice.

Keywords: Enhanced recovery; Esophageal cancer; Esophagectomy; Morbidity; Mortality.

MeSH terms

  • Enhanced Recovery After Surgery*
  • Esophageal Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Esophagectomy / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Length of Stay
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome