Knocking out TMEM38B in human foetal osteoblasts hFOB 1.19 by CRISPR/Cas9: A model for recessive OI type XIV

PLoS One. 2021 Sep 28;16(9):e0257254. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257254. eCollection 2021.

Abstract

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) type XIV is a rare recessive bone disorder characterized by variable degree of severity associated to osteopenia. It is caused by mutations in TMEM38B encoding for the trimeric intracellular cation channel TRIC-B, specific for potassium and ubiquitously present in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. OI type XIV molecular basis is largely unknown and, due to the rarity of the disease, the availability of patients' osteoblasts is challenging. Thus, CRISPR/Cas9 was used to knock out (KO) TMEM38B in the human Foetal Osteoblast hFOB 1.19 to obtain an OI type XIV model. CRISPR/Cas9 is a powerful technology to generate in vitro and in vivo models for heritable disorders. Its limited cost and ease of use make this technique widely applicable in most laboratories. Nevertheless, to fully take advantage of this approach, it is important to be aware of its strengths and limitations. Three gRNAs were used and several KO clones lacking the expression of TRIC-B were obtained. Few clones were validated as good models for the disease since they reproduce the altered ER calcium flux, collagen I structure and impaired secretion and osteoblastic markers expression detected in patients' cells. Impaired proliferation and mineralization in KO clones unveiled the relevance of TRIC-B in osteoblasts functionality.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • CRISPR-Cas Systems*
  • Calcium / metabolism
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Collagen / chemistry
  • Electrophysiology
  • Extracellular Matrix / metabolism
  • Gene Knockout Techniques
  • Humans
  • In Vitro Techniques
  • Ion Channels / genetics*
  • Mice
  • Mutation
  • Osteoblasts / metabolism*
  • Osteogenesis Imperfecta / genetics*
  • Osteogenesis Imperfecta / metabolism*

Substances

  • Ion Channels
  • TMEM38B protein, human
  • TRIC-B protein, mouse
  • Collagen
  • Calcium

Grants and funding

This research was funded by a Grant of the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR) to the Department of Molecular Medicine of the University of Pavia under the initiative "Dipartimenti di Eccellenza (2018–2022)” and Telethon Exploratory Grant GEP15066 to A.F.. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.