Adherence to Long-Term Follow-up in Patients With Sporadic Vestibular Schwannomas Managed With Serial Observation

OTO Open. 2021 Aug 9;5(3):2473974X211036653. doi: 10.1177/2473974X211036653. eCollection 2021 Jul-Sep.

Abstract

Objectives: To examine the long-term adherence to serial imaging of patients with sporadic vestibular schwannoma and analyze factors associated with being lost to follow-up.

Study design: Retrospective chart review with telephone interview.

Setting: Single tertiary care center.

Methods: Patients with a sporadic vestibular schwannoma and started on observational surveillance management between January 2005 and December 2010 were included. Demographic data, tumor size, hearing and vestibular changes, and follow-up length were recorded. Patient factors were analyzed for association with being lost to follow-up.

Results: In total, 122 patients were included with a median length of follow-up of 5 months (range, 0-146). After initial surveillance, 22.1% (n = 27) of patients had a change in management to either microsurgery or radiosurgery. Of the remaining 77.9% (n = 95), nearly half (44.2%, n = 42) never returned for a second visit, and all but 3 were eventually lost to follow-up. There was no association between sex, race, age at diagnosis, initial tumor size, insurance status, household income, or driving distance to hospital and being lost to follow-up. Of 26 interviewed patients initially lost to follow-up, 11 (42.3%) sought care at another institution, 5 (19.2%) chose to no longer receive care, 1 (3.8%) had transportation difficulties, and 9 (36.4%) had poor understanding of their diagnosis or instructions.

Conclusions: The length of follow-up for patients undergoing surveillance of sporadic vestibular schwannoma varies widely, and patients are commonly lost to follow-up. Further efforts should be made to identify at-risk patients and provide adequate education to improve long-term surveillance.

Keywords: adherence; follow-up; observational surveillance; sporadic vestibular schwannoma.