Trends in HIV Care Outcomes Among Adults and Adolescents-33 Jurisdictions, United States, 2014-2018

J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2021 Dec 1;88(4):333-339. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002778.

Abstract

Background: With significant improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of HIV, the number of people with HIV in the United States steadily increases. Monitoring trends in HIV-related care outcomes is needed to inform programs aimed at reducing new HIV infections in the United States.

Setting: The setting is 33 United States jurisdictions that had mandatory and complete reporting of all levels of CD4 and viral load test results for each year during 2014-2018.

Methods: Estimated annual percentage change and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to assess trends in stage of disease at time of diagnosis, linkage to HIV medical care within 1 month of HIV diagnosis, and viral suppression within 6 months after HIV diagnosis. Differences in percentages were analyzed by sex, age, race/ethnicity, and transmission category for persons with HIV diagnosed from 2014 to 2018.

Results: Among 133,477 persons with HIV diagnosed during 2014-2018, the percentage of persons who received a diagnosis classified as stage 0 increased 13.7%, stages 1-2 (early infections) increased 2.9%, stage 3 (AIDS) declined 1.5%, linkage to HIV medical care within 1 month of HIV diagnosis increased 2.3%, and viral suppression within 6 months after HIV diagnosis increased 6.5% per year, on average. Subpopulations and areas that showed the least progress were persons aged 45-54 years, American Indian/Alaska Native persons, Asian persons, Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander persons, and rural areas with substantial HIV prevalence, respectively.

Conclusions: New infections will continue to occur unless improvements are made in implementing the Ending the HIV Epidemic: A Plan for America strategies of diagnosing, treating, and preventing HIV infection.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • CD4 Lymphocyte Count
  • Continuity of Patient Care / statistics & numerical data*
  • Continuity of Patient Care / trends*
  • Disease Progression
  • Ethnicity
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / diagnosis
  • HIV Infections / drug therapy*
  • HIV Infections / epidemiology
  • HIV-1 / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Morbidity / trends*
  • Outcome Assessment, Health Care / statistics & numerical data*
  • Population Surveillance
  • Prevalence
  • Rural Population
  • Time-to-Treatment
  • United States / epidemiology
  • Urban Population
  • Viral Load / drug effects
  • Young Adult