A Retrospective Study of Touchless Spray for Pediatric Perineal Burns Treatment

Abstract

Silver-based topical treatments have seen widespread use for the management of burns due to silver's antimicrobial activity. Recent studies suggest that silver nanoparticles could negatively affect healing time due to their toxic effect on keratinocytes and fibroblasts at higher concentrations. Zinc oxide antimicrobial activity has been demonstrated in vitro, and results from animal studies are promising for burn management. At our ABA-verified pediatric burn center, the use of silver sulfadiazine cream ("Silvadene") has been slowly replaced by a zinc oxide/dimethicone spray-on solution ("Touchless Spray"). The dimethicone allows the spray to be occlusive without interfering with clothing, yet easily removed as opposed to Silvadene cream which requires wound scrubbing to remove and replace; potentially improving patient adherence with at-home treatments. This is the first study of zinc oxide's efficacy as a burn wound management agent in humans. We sought to compare the efficacy of silver sulfadiazine and that of zinc oxide/dimethicone to determine whether zinc oxide/dimethicone, in its easy-to-use form, is a viable alternative to silver sulfadiazine. We conducted a retrospective review of the electronic medical records of all patients treated for perineal, genital, perianal, suprapubic, or buttocks burn wounds at a large pediatric-verified burn center from January 1, 2014 to October 28, 2019. Only patients with superficial second-degree scald burns that arrived at our institution less than 24 hours after injury were included. Of a total 52 patients identified, 27 patients received silver sulfadiazine while 25 received zinc oxide/dimethicone. After initial evaluation and treatment by the burn team, all patients were followed up at our weekly burn clinic until complete healing was achieved. We retrospectively extracted demographic data, wound size, depth, and location, management strategies, time to complete healing, and incidence of infectious and noninfectious complications. The control group contained patients with total body surface area burns significantly greater than the zinc oxide/dimethicone group likely due to selective treatment when zinc oxide/dimethicone was first introduced at our facility. Time to healing was significantly lower in the zinc oxide/dimethicone intervention group (12.16 ± 8.644 days) than the silver sulfadiazine control group (16.89 ± 11.342 days). No infections were observed. Limitations include the relatively small sample sizes and differences in the size of burn wounds that confounded our results and likely negatively affected healing time in the control group. The zinc oxide/dimethicone group had a significantly lower healing time than the silver sulfadiazine group in the treatment of pediatric burns to the perineum, genitalia, suprapubis, and buttocks. Zinc oxide/dimethicone may prove to be a useful tool for treating burn wounds, and further study is needed to determine its efficacy and safety.