Ischemic Lesions in the Brain of a Neonate With SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2021 Sep 1;40(9):e340-e343. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003244.

Abstract

Aim: To describe a term newborn with acquired severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and multisystem involvement including seizures associated to ischemic lesions in the brain.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is predominantly a respiratory infection, but it may affect many other systems. Most pediatric COVID-19 cases range from asymptomatic to mild-moderate disease. There are no specific clinical signs described for neonatal COVID-19 infections. In children, severe central nervous system compromise has been rarely reported.

Case description: We describe a 17-day-old newborn who acquired a SARS-CoV-2 infection in a family meeting that was admitted for fever, seizures and lethargy and in whom consumption coagulopathy, ischemic lesions in the brain and cardiac involvement were documented.

Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 neonatal infection can be associated with multi-organic involvement. In our patient, significant central nervous system compromise associated to ischemic lesions and laboratory findings of consumption coagulopathy were found.

Clinical significance: Although neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infections are infrequent, they can be associated with multi-organic involvement. Neonatologists and pediatricians should be aware of this unusual way of presentation of COVID-19 in newborn infants.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Acyclovir / therapeutic use
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use
  • Brain / diagnostic imaging
  • Brain Ischemia / pathology
  • Brain Ischemia / virology*
  • COVID-19 / complications*
  • COVID-19 / pathology
  • COVID-19 Drug Treatment
  • Ceftriaxone / therapeutic use
  • Fever
  • Frontal Lobe / blood supply
  • Frontal Lobe / diagnostic imaging
  • Frontal Lobe / pathology
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Infant, Newborn, Diseases / drug therapy
  • Infant, Newborn, Diseases / pathology
  • Infant, Newborn, Diseases / virology*
  • Lethargy
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Nasopharynx / virology
  • SARS-CoV-2 / isolation & purification*
  • Seizures

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Antiviral Agents
  • Ceftriaxone
  • Acyclovir