Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of current advanced schistosomiasis cases in China, so as to provide the scientific evidence for the precision management and medical care of advanced schistosomiasis.
Methods: The baseline data pertaining to the current advanced schistosomiasis cases in China were collected from the Epidemiological Dynamic Data Collection Platform (EDDC) operated by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The demographic characteristics, population and regional distribution and medical care of advanced schistosomiasis cases were analyzed with a descriptive method.
Results: A total of 31 889 cases with advanced schistosomiasis were reported in China by the end of June, 2019, and these cases were mainly identified in Hubei Province (7 737 cases) followed by in Jiangxi Province (7 256 cases), Hunan Province (5 615 cases), Anhui Province (5 236 cases) and Jiangsu Province (2 908 cases), accounting for 90.2% (28 752/31 889) of total cases in China. The current advanced schistosomiasis cases had a male/female ratio of 1.5∶1, and a mean age of (67.0 ± 11.2) years, with 92.6% (29 521/31 889) detected in individuals at ages of over 50 years. There were 97.6% (31 109/31 889) of the cases with an educational level of junior high school and lower, and 95.2% (30 359/31 889) with an occupation of farmers. Ascites (72.6%, 23 164/31 889) and splenomegaly types (26.3%, 8 386/31 889) were predominant in current advanced schistosomiasis cases in China, and there was a significant difference in the constituent ratio of disease types among current advanced schistosomiasis cases with different age groups (χ2 = 362.31, P < 0.01), with the ascites type as the predominant type of advanced schistosomiasis. Among the current advanced schistosomiasis cases, 88.9% (28 358/31 889) and 18.7% (5 973/31 889) had received medical treatment and surgical treatment, respectively.
Conclusions: The current advanced schistosomiasis cases are predominantly reported in five marshland and lake endemic provinces of China where schistosomiasis is not eliminated, and are mostly categorized as the ascites and megalosplenia types, with minor differences seen in gender and disease-type distributions. Precision medical care should be reinforced according to the epidemiological features of the current advanced schistosomiasis cases, and early screening and standard management and follow-up is required.
［摘要］ 目的 分析我国现存晚期血吸虫病患者流行病学特征, 为其精准管理和治疗救助提供科学依据。方法 收集 中国疾病预防控制中心流行病学动态数据采集平台 (EDDC) 血吸虫病调查系统中全国现存晚期血吸虫病患者基本信息, 对患者人口学特征、人群和地区分布、治疗救助等特征进行描述性分析。结果 截至2019年6月, 我国现存晚期血吸虫 病患者31 889例, 主要分布于湖北 (7 737例) 、江西 (7 256例) 、湖南 (5 615例) 、安徽 (5 236例) 、江苏 (2 908例) 等湖区5 省, 5省病例数占全国病例总数的90.2% (28 752/31 889) 。我国现存晚期血吸虫病病例男女性别比为1.5∶1; 平均年龄为 (67.0 ± 11.2) 岁, 50岁以上人群占病例总数的92.6% (29 521/31 889) ; 文化程度多为初中及以下 (97.6%, 31 109/31 889), 职业以农民 (95.2%, 30 359/31 889) 为主。我国现存晚期血吸虫病病例类型以腹水型和巨脾型为主, 分别占病例总数的 72.6% (23 164/31 889) 和26.3% (8 386/31 889) ; 不同年龄组各类病例构成比差异有统计学意义 (χ2 = 362.31, P < 0.01), 各 年龄组均以腹水型病例居多。现存晚期血吸虫病病例中, 接受过内科、外科治疗的患者分别占88.9% (28 358/31 889) 和18.7% (5 973/31 889) 。结论 我国现存晚期血吸虫病患者主要分布于未达血吸虫病消除的湖区5省, 以腹水型和巨 脾型病例居多, 不同流行区病例性别、类型分布略有差异; 需根据晚期血吸虫病患者流行病学特征加强精准救治, 同时做 好早期筛查、规范性管理及随访工作。.
Keywords: Advanced schistosomiasis; China; Epidemiological characteristic.