The ubiquitin-proteasome system modifies different cellular and protein functions. Its dysregulation may lead to disrupted proteostasis associated with multiple pathologies and aging. Pharmacological regulation of proteasome functions is already an important part of the treatment of several diseases. 1,4-dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP) derivatives possess different pharmacological activities, including antiaging and neuroprotective. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of several 1,4-DHP derivatives on mRNA expression levels of proteasomal genes Psma3, Psmb5, and Psmc6 in several organs of rats. Rats were treated with metcarbatone, etcarbatone, glutapyrone, styrylcarbatone, AV-153-Na, or AV-153-Ca per os for three days. mRNA expression levels were determined with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). For AV-153-Na and AV-153-Ca, we also determined the expression of the Psma6 gene. In the kidney, metcarbatone, etcarbatone, styrylcarbatone, and AV-153-Na increased the expression of all analysed genes. Glutapyrone increased the expression of Psmb5 and Psmc6 but did not affect the expression of Psma3. In the blood, glutapyrone increased Psmb5 expression. In the liver, AV-153-Na increased the expression of Psma6 and Psmc6 but lowered the expression of Psmb5, while AV-153-Ca only increased Psma6 expression. The ability of 1,4-DHP derivatives to increase the expression of proteasome subunit genes might hold a therapeutic potential in conditions associated with impaired proteasomal functions, but further research is needed.
Ubikvitin-proteasomski sustav utječe na različite funkcije bjelančevina i stanica. Poremećaji u njegovoj regulaciji mogu dovesti do poremećaja u proteostazi koji su povezani s nastankom različitih bolesti i sa starenjem, ali se sustav može regulirati u liječenju pojedinih bolesti lijekovima poput 1,4 dihidropiridinskih (1,4 DHP) derivata, koji štite živčani sustav i usporavaju starenje. Cilj ovoga istraživanja bio je utvrditi djelovanje nekoliko 1,4 DHP derivata na ekspresiju glasničke RNA (mRNA) u proteasomskim genima Psma3, Psmb5 i Psmc6 u više štakorskih organa. Štakori su tri dana dobivali oralne doze metkarbatona, etkarbatona, glutapirona, stirilkarbatona, AV-153-Na ili AV-153-Ca, a genska se ekspresija u mRNA utvrdila polimeraznom lančanom reakcijom u stvarnom vremenu (engl. real-time polymerase chain reaction, krat. PCR). Osim toga, utvrdili smo djelovanje derivata AV‑153‑Na i AV‑153‑Ca na ekspresiju gena Psma6. U bubrezima su metkarbaton, etkarbaton, stirilkarbatoni AV‑153‑Na povećali ekspresiju svih analiziranih gena. Glutapiron je povećao ekspresiju Psmb5 i Psmc6, ali ne i Psma3. U krvi je glutapiron povećao gensku ekspresiju Psmb5. U jetrima je AV‑153‑Na povećao ekspresiju Psma6 i Psmc6, istodobno smanjivši ekspresiju Psmb5. AV‑153‑Ca utjecao je samo na Psma6, povećavši mu ekspresiju. Sposobnost 1,4-DHP derivata da povećaju gensku ekspresiju proteasomskih podjediničnih proteina obećava u smislu mogućnosti liječenja bolesti povezanih s poremećenom proteasomskom funkcijom, no nužna su daljnja istraživanja.
Keywords: AV-153-Ca; AV-153-Na; etcarbatone; etkarbaton; gene expression; glutapiron; glutapyrone; impaired proteasomal functions; metcarbatone; metkarbaton; pharmacological activities; poremećena proteasomska funkcija; proteasome subunits; proteasomske podjedinice; stirilkarbaton; styrylcarbatone; ubikvitin-proteasomski sustav; ubiquitin-proteasome system.
© 2021 Kristīne Dišlere, Evita Rostoka, Egils Bisenieks, Gunars Duburs, Natalia Paramonova, and Nikolajs Sjakste, published by Sciendo.