Outcome of dogs and cats with benign oesophageal strictures after balloon dilatation or stenting: 27 cases (2002-2019)

J Small Anim Pract. 2021 Oct;62(10):886-894. doi: 10.1111/jsap.13392. Epub 2021 Jun 22.

Abstract

Objectives: Acquired oesophageal strictures remain challenging to manage in canine and feline patients. The aims of this study were to describe the treatment, complications, short-term outcome and long-term follow-up of benign oesophageal strictures treated by balloon dilatation or stenting in dogs and cats and to describe adjunctive techniques to minimise the complication rate of stent placement.

Materials and methods: Retrospective analysis of medical records of dogs and cats with benign oesophageal stricture diagnosed under endoscopy between 2002 and 2019.

Results: Eighteen dogs and nine cats were included, representing 39 strictures. Balloon dilatation was used as first-line therapy, with a good outcome in 59% of cases. Stents were placed in eight cases due to stricture recurrence; 88% had a long-term satisfactory outcome. Short-term complications occurred in six of eight cases; migration and aberrant mucosal reaction were uncommon. In three cases, progressive mesh cutting during follow-up reduced discomfort and trichobezoars formation and improved long-term stent tolerance. Overall median survival time was 730 days.

Clinical significance: Long-term prognosis of balloon dilatation as a first-line therapy for esophageal strictures and of stenting as a rescue therapy was considered satisfactory. Although discomfort associated with stenting was frequent, tolerability might be improved by per-endoscopic adjunctive techniques.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cat Diseases* / therapy
  • Cats
  • Dilatation / adverse effects
  • Dilatation / veterinary
  • Dog Diseases* / therapy
  • Dogs
  • Endoscopy / veterinary
  • Esophageal Stenosis* / therapy
  • Esophageal Stenosis* / veterinary
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Stents / adverse effects
  • Stents / veterinary
  • Treatment Outcome