1 Newcastle Medical School, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England.
2 Department of Urology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England.
3 Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, England.
4 Department of Urology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, England.
5 Nuffield Department of Surgery, Oxford University, Oxford, England.
6 Department of Urology, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, England.