Supporting Employee Health at Work: How Perceptions Differ Across Wage Category

Am J Health Promot. 2022 Jan;36(1):169-174. doi: 10.1177/08901171211024416. Epub 2021 Jun 15.

Abstract

Purpose: This study examines the association between sources of stress and perceptions of organizational and supervisor support for health and well-being.

Design: Retrospective, cross-sectional analysis.

Setting: Large university in the mid-western United States.

Sample: This study focused on university employees with complete data for all variables (organizational support/N = 19,536; supervisor support/N = 20,287).

Measures: 2019 socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, count of chronic conditions, sources of stress and perceptions of organizational and supervisor support.

Analysis: For the multivariate analyzes, linear regression models were analyzed separately by wage bands (low ≤$46,100; middle >$46,100-$62,800; high >$62,800).

Results: For all employees, workplace stressors, including problematic relationships at work and heavy job responsibilities, were negatively associated with perceptions of supervisor and organizational support. In comparison, the most salient home-based stressors were negatively associated with perceptions of supervisor support for the lowest-wage band (the death of a loved one, b = -0.13) and middle-wage band (personal illness or injury, b = -0.09), while the one for the highest-wage band (illness or injury of a loved one, b = 0.07) was positively associated with perceptions of supervisor support.

Conclusion: Stressful job responsibilities and work relationships are associated with lower perceptions of supervisor and organizational support for health and well-being across all wage bands. Favorable perceived support for personal stressors only among high wage earning employees may suggest a need for improved equity of perceived support for these stressors among lower wage workers.

Keywords: culture of health; economics and health; health disparities; low income; organizational support; population health; social health; stress management; workplace.

MeSH terms

  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Humans
  • Occupational Health*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Salaries and Fringe Benefits
  • United States
  • Workplace