High-resolution magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry imaging of the human larynx

J Anat. 2021 Sep;239(3):545-556. doi: 10.1111/joa.13451. Epub 2021 May 25.

Abstract

High-resolution, noninvasive and nondestructive imaging of the subepithelial structures of the larynx would enhance microanatomic tissue assessment and clinical decision making; similarly, in situ molecular profiling of laryngeal tissue would enhance biomarker discovery and pathology readout. Towards these goals, we assessed the capabilities of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) imaging of rarely reported paediatric and adult cadaveric larynges that contained pathologies. The donors were a 13-month-old male, a 10-year-old female with an infraglottic mucus retention cyst and a 74-year-old female with advanced polypoid degeneration and a mucus retention cyst. MR and molecular imaging data were corroborated using whole-organ histology. Our MR protocols imaged the larynges at 45-117 μm2 in-plane resolution and capably resolved microanatomic structures that have not been previously reported radiographically-such as the vocal fold superficial lamina propria, vocal ligament and macula flavae; age-related tissue features-such as intramuscular fat deposition and cartilage ossification; and the lesions. Diffusion tensor imaging characterised differences in water diffusivity, primary tissue fibre orientation, and fractional anisotropy between the intrinsic laryngeal muscles, mucosae and lesions. MALDI-MS imaging revealed peptide signatures and putative protein assignments for the polypoid degeneration lesion and the N-glycan constituents of one mucus retention cyst. These imaging approaches have immediate application in experimental research and, with ongoing technology development, potential for future clinical application.

Keywords: Reinke's oedema; diffusion tensor imaging; glycomics; molecular imaging; mucus retention cyst; polypoid degeneration; proteomics; vocal fold; whole-larynx histology.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Child
  • Diffusion Tensor Imaging
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Laryngeal Muscles / diagnostic imaging*
  • Larynx / diagnostic imaging*
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Mass Spectrometry