Aspiration Thrombectomy with the Indigo System for Acute Lower Limb Ischemia: Preliminary experience and analysis of parameters affecting the outcome

Ann Vasc Surg. 2021 Oct:76:426-435. doi: 10.1016/j.avsg.2021.04.016. Epub 2021 May 2.

Abstract

Background: The purpose of our study is to assess the short-term technical success and the safety of the Indigo System in a series of patients undergoing vacuum-assisted catheter direct thrombus aspiration (IS-CDTA) for acute lower limb ischemia (ALLI) and to evaluate which parameters may affect the outcome.

Methods: All procedures using the IS-CDTA for ALLI, performed in a single-centre Interventional Radiology Unit from February 2016 to March 2020, were retrospectively analysed. Technical success was defined as the achievement of nearly-complete or complete revascularization (TIPI grade 2/3) and considered as a good outcome. Variables potentially correlated with the IS-CDTA outcome were analysed.

Results: 33 procedures were performed in 29 patients. Mean age was 69 years old (range 47 - 88), 24 males (83%) and 5 females (18%). The technical success was 70%. Catheter-directed thrombolysis following IS-CDTA was performed in 23 cases and the overall technical success increased from 70% to 90%, afterwards. The median time between symptoms insurgency and IS-CDTA was significantly shorter in patients with good outcome (10 hours; IQR 2.75-48) compared to those with poor outcome (168 hours; IQR 36-336) (P = 0.003). No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups regarding ATK vs. BTK (P = 0.34), native vessel vs. graft (P = 0.25), occlusion nature P = 0.28) or Rutherford score (P = 0.80).

Conclusion: IS-CDTA is a valid option for a rapid and percutaneous treatment of ALLI. Our experience indicates that the time elapsing from the symptoms insurgency and the endovascular procedure is the best positive predictor of the outcome.

Keywords: Acute lower limb ischemia; Aspiration mechanical thrombectomy; Catheter-directed thrombolysis; Indigo continuous aspiration mechanical thrombectomy device.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Ischemia / diagnostic imaging
  • Ischemia / physiopathology
  • Ischemia / therapy*
  • Lower Extremity / blood supply*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Peripheral Arterial Disease / diagnostic imaging
  • Peripheral Arterial Disease / physiopathology
  • Peripheral Arterial Disease / therapy*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Suction
  • Thrombectomy / adverse effects
  • Thrombectomy / instrumentation*
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vacuum
  • Vascular Patency