Complete genome sequences of three newly discovered cacao mild mosaic virus isolates from Theobroma cacao L. in Brazil and Puerto Rico and evidence for recombination

Arch Virol. 2021 Jul;166(7):2027-2031. doi: 10.1007/s00705-021-05063-5. Epub 2021 Apr 26.

Abstract

To analyze the DNA virome associated with cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) trees showing virus-like symptoms in Brazil (BR) and Puerto Rico (PR) during 2018-2019, total DNA was isolated from symptomatic leaves and subjected to high-throughput Illumina sequencing. The assembled complete badnaviral genome sequences were verified by PCR amplification, cloning, and DNA sequencing. Based on pairwise distances and phylogenetic analysis, three badnaviral genomes were identified, and these viruses were found to be isolates of the previously described cacao mild mosaic virus (CaMMV). The three genomes were 7,520, 7,524, and 7,514 bp in size for the isolates CaMMV-BR321, CaMMV-BR322, and CaMMV-PR3, respectively. Each genome contained four predicted open reading frames: ORFs 1-3 and ORFY. The CaMMV-PR3 isolate was identified as a probable recombinant, with a CaMMV-BR-like virus as the major parent.

MeSH terms

  • Badnavirus / genetics
  • Brazil
  • Cacao / virology*
  • Genome, Viral / genetics*
  • High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
  • Mosaic Viruses / genetics*
  • Open Reading Frames / genetics
  • Phylogeny
  • Plant Diseases / virology*
  • Puerto Rico
  • Recombination, Genetic / genetics*
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA / methods
  • Whole Genome Sequencing / methods