1 University of Paris, U942 INSERM-MACOT, Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, AP-HP, Lariboisière University Hospital, 2, Rue Ambroise Paré, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France. Electronic address: matthieu.ledorze@aphp.fr.
2 Department of Anaesthesiology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Canada.
3 Chaire de Philosophie à l'Hôpital, Paris, France.
4 Anesthésie-Réanimation Pédiatrique - APHM, Aix Marseille Univ, UMR ADES No 7268, EFS, CNRS, Marseille, France.
5 Pôle Anesthésie Réanimation SAMU, Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Rouen University Hospital, 1 Rue de Germont, 76000 Rouen, France.