Myroxylon pereirae (balsam of Peru): Still worth testing?

Contact Dermatitis. 2021 Sep;85(3):269-273. doi: 10.1111/cod.13839. Epub 2021 May 3.

Abstract

Background: Because Myroxylon pereirae (MP), or balsam of Peru, is nowadays almost not used "as such," and fragrance mix 1 (FM1) apparently is more sensitive in detecting fragrance allergy, the usefulness of testing MP in baseline series was recently questioned.

Objectives: Identification of the number of clinically relevant patch test reactions to MP not detected by FM1.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 12 030 patients patch tested with MP and FM1 for contact dermatitis between January 2018 and December 2019 in 13 Italian dermatology clinics.

Results: Four hundred thirty-nine patients (3.6%) had a positive patch test reaction to MP; 437 (3.6%) had a positive patch test reaction to FM1. Positive reactions to both MP and FM1 were observed in 119 subjects (1.0%), 310 (2.6%) reacted to MP only, 304 (2.5%) to FM1 only, 5 to MP and sorbitan sesquioleate (SSO), 9 to FM1 and SSO, and 5 to MP, FM1, and SSO. Single sensitizations were clinically relevant in 75.2% of cases for MP (62.9% current, 12.3% past) and 76.3% for FM1 (70.1% current, 6.2% past).

Conclusions: Based on our results, MP appears to be still worth testing along with FM1 in baseline series, because it allows detection of a remarkable number of fragrance allergies, often relevant, which would be otherwise missed.

Keywords: Myroxylon pereirae; balsam of Peru; fragrance allergy; fragrance mix 1; patch test.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Balsams / administration & dosage*
  • Balsams / adverse effects
  • Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / diagnosis*
  • Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / etiology
  • Female
  • Hexoses / administration & dosage
  • Hexoses / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Odorants
  • Patch Tests / methods*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Balsams
  • Hexoses
  • sorbitan sesquioleate
  • Peruvian balsam