Genetics of Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins Guide Identification of Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Risk Reduction

Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2021 Jun;35(3):677-690. doi: 10.1007/s10557-021-07168-0. Epub 2021 Mar 12.

Abstract

Objective: Despite aggressive reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), there is a residual risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Hypertriglyceridemia is known to be associated with increased CVD risk, independently of LDL-C. Triglycerides are one component of the heterogenous class of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRLs).

Methods/results: Growing evidence from biology, epidemiology, and genetics supports the contribution of TGRLs to the development of CVD via a number of mechanisms, including through proinflammatory, proapoptotic, and procoagulant pathways.

Conclusion: New genetics-guided pharmacotherapies to reduce levels of triglycerides and TGRLs and thus reduce risk of CVD have been developed and will be discussed here.

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease,; Genetics; Hypertriglyceridemia,; Pharmacotherapy,; Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins,; Triglycerides,.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Atherosclerosis / genetics
  • Atherosclerosis / physiopathology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / drug therapy*
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / genetics
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / physiopathology*
  • Chylomicrons / metabolism
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Heart Disease Risk Factors
  • Humans
  • Inflammation Mediators / metabolism
  • Lipoprotein Lipase / metabolism
  • Lipoproteins / drug effects*
  • Lipoproteins / metabolism*
  • Risk Reduction Behavior
  • Triglycerides / metabolism*

Substances

  • Chylomicrons
  • Inflammation Mediators
  • Lipoproteins
  • Triglycerides
  • lipoprotein triglyceride
  • Lipoprotein Lipase