1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Global Tracheostomy Collaborative, Raleigh, NC.
2 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
3 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI. Electronic address: jdecard@med.umich.edu.