Folic acid ameliorates palmitate-induced inflammation through decreasing homocysteine and inhibiting NF-κB pathway in HepG2 cells

Arch Physiol Biochem. 2023 Dec;129(4):893-900. doi: 10.1080/13813455.2021.1878539. Epub 2021 Feb 17.

Abstract

Objective: Prevention of inflammation is one of the possible remedy procedure for steatohepatitis during NAFLD. In this study, we researched the folic acid (FA) potency to attenuate the inflammation of palmitate-treated HepG2 cells and the related signalling pathways.

Methods: The molecular mechanisms related to FA anti-inflammatory effect in palmitate and Hcy-treated HepG2 cell line were assessed.

Results: The results indicated that while palmitate enhances the expression and secretion of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, and also intracellular ROS level, FA at concentrations of 25, 50, and 75 µg/mL significantly reversed these effects in HepG2 cells. In addition, FA could ameliorate inflammation and decrease ROS production induced by Hcy. Furthermore, FA pre-treatment suppress palmitate -induced (NF-κB) p65 level in palmitate or Hcy stimulated cells.

Conclusions: Overall, these results suggest that FA reduces inflammation in HepG2 cells through decreasing ROS and Hcy concentration level resulting in inhibiting the NF-κB pathway.

Keywords: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; folic acid; hepatocytes; homocysteine; inflammation; nuclear factor-kappa B; palmitate; reactive oxygen species.

MeSH terms

  • Folic Acid / pharmacology
  • Hep G2 Cells
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / chemically induced
  • Inflammation / metabolism
  • Inflammation / prevention & control
  • NF-kappa B* / metabolism
  • Palmitates* / toxicity
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism

Substances

  • NF-kappa B
  • Palmitates
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Folic Acid