The potential use of cannabinoids for therapeutic purposes is at the forefront of cannabinoid research which aims to develop innovative strategies to prevent, manage and treat a broad spectrum of human diseases. This chapter briefly reviews the pivotal role of the endocannabinoid system in modulating the central nervous system and its roles on neurodegenerative diseases and brain disorders. Ligand-induced modulation of cannabinoid 1 and 2 receptors to modulate immune response, decrease neurodegeneration and pain are aspects that are also discussed.
Keywords: CB1R; CB2R; CNS disorders; Cannabinoid ligands; Cannabinoid receptors; Endocannabinoid system; Endogenous ligands; Neurodegenerative diseases; Non-cannabinoid receptors; TRVP1.