Pan-Enterovirus Amplicon-Based High-Throughput Sequencing Detects the Complete Capsid of a EVA71 Genotype C1 Variant via Wastewater-Based Epidemiology in Arizona

Viruses. 2021 Jan 7;13(1):74. doi: 10.3390/v13010074.

Abstract

We describe the complete capsid of a genotype C1-like Enterovirus A71 variant recovered from wastewater in a neighborhood in the greater Tempe, Arizona area (Southwest United States) in May 2020 using a pan-enterovirus amplicon-based high-throughput sequencing strategy. The variant seems to have been circulating for over two years, but its sequence has not been documented in that period. As the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has resulted in changes in health-seeking behavior and overwhelmed pathogen diagnostics, our findings highlight the importance of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE ) as an early warning system for virus surveillance.

Keywords: Arizona; Enterovirus A; human; molecular epidemiology; poliomyelitis; wastewater.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Arizona / epidemiology
  • Capsid / chemistry
  • Capsid Proteins / genetics*
  • Enterovirus A, Human / genetics*
  • Enterovirus A, Human / isolation & purification*
  • Enterovirus Infections / epidemiology
  • Enterovirus Infections / virology
  • High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing / methods*
  • Humans
  • Molecular Epidemiology
  • Pandemics
  • Phylogeny
  • Wastewater / virology*
  • Wastewater-Based Epidemiological Monitoring*

Substances

  • Capsid Proteins
  • Waste Water