Clinical and molecular findings in a Turkish family with an ultra-rare condition, ELP2-related neurodevelopmental disorder

Mol Biol Rep. 2021 Jan;48(1):701-708. doi: 10.1007/s11033-020-06097-9. Epub 2021 Jan 3.

Abstract

Elongator is a multi-subunit protein complex bearing six different protein subunits, Elp1 to -6, that are highly conserved among eukaryotes. Elp2 is the second major subunit of Elongator and, together with Elp1 and Elp3, form the catalytic core of this essential complex. Pathogenic variants that affect the structure and function of the Elongator complex may cause neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we report on a new family with three children affected with a severe form of intellectual disability along with spastic tetraparesis, choreoathetosis, and self injury. Molecular genetic analyses reveal a homozygous missense variant in the ELP2 gene (NM_018255.4 (ELP2): c.1385G > A (p.Arg462Gln)), while in silico studies suggest a loss of electrostatic interactions that may contribute to the overall stability of the encoded protein. We also include a comparison of the patients with ELP2-related neurodevelopmental disorder to those previously reported in the literature. Apart from being affected with intellectual disability, we have extremely limited clinical knowledge about patients harboring ELP2 variants. Besides providing support to the causal role of p.Arg462Gln in ELP2-related neurodevelopmental disorder, we add self-injurious behavior to the clinical phenotypic repertoire of the disease.

Keywords: Choreoathetosis; ELP2; Elongator complex; Intellectual disability; Self injury; Spasticity.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Consanguinity
  • Exome Sequencing
  • Family
  • Female
  • Gene Expression
  • Homozygote
  • Humans
  • Intellectual Disability / diagnosis
  • Intellectual Disability / genetics*
  • Intellectual Disability / metabolism
  • Intellectual Disability / pathology
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / chemistry
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / genetics*
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / metabolism
  • Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome / diagnosis
  • Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome / genetics*
  • Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome / metabolism
  • Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome / pathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Models, Molecular
  • Paresis / diagnosis
  • Paresis / genetics*
  • Paresis / metabolism
  • Paresis / pathology
  • Pedigree
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide*
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Conformation, alpha-Helical
  • Protein Conformation, beta-Strand
  • Sequence Alignment
  • Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
  • Static Electricity
  • Turkey
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • ELP2 protein, human
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins