Objective: To determine the prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), to investigate whether there is a difference in the prevalence of depression and anxiety between PsA and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and to identify associated risk factors for depression and anxiety in PsA patients.
Methods: PsA and RA patients who visited Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology in Peking University First Hospital from May 2018 to Sep 2019 were recruited. Self-rating anxiety scale and self-rating depression scale were surveyed and compared between PsA and RA patients. Demographics and clinical features including age, gender, disease duration, disease activity score, psoriasis area and severity index (PASI), and medical application were collected. Power Doppler and grey-scale ultrasound of joints, tenosynovitis and enthesis were performed. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with mood disorders and the odds ratio of depression and anxiety between the PsA and RA patients.
Results: Among the 114 enrolled PsA patients, 37 (32.5%) had mood disorders, in which 36 (31.6%) with depression and 15 (13.2%) with anxiety. Compared with 201 RA patients, PsA patients showed greater odds for depression [adjusted OR (95%CI): 2.7 (1.1-6.4)]. Depression was more often observed in the PsA than in the RA patients (31.6% vs. 18.9%, P=0.011). The similar trend for anxiety was also observed, although the difference was insignificant (13.2% vs. 8.5%, P=0.185). Age (OR=0.95, P=0.008), psoriasis duration (OR=0.94, P=0.018), pain visual analogue scale (OR=1.47, P=0.011), PASI score (OR=1.07, P=0.007) and presence of ultrasound enthesitis (OR=4.13, P=0.009) were identified as factors associated with depression in the PsA patients. PASI score (OR=1.07, P=0.001) was identified as associated factor for anxiety in the PsA patients.
Conclusion: The prevalence of depression and anxiety is elevated in PsA patients. Depression is significantly more prevalent in PsA patients than in RA patients. Younger age, shorter psoriasis duration, worse pain and presence of ultrasound enthesitis are associated with depression, while severe psoriasis rash is associated with both depression and anxiety in PsA patients.
目的: 评估银屑病关节炎(psoriatic arthritis，PsA)患者抑郁及焦虑的患病率，比较与类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis，RA)患者之间的差异，探索PsA患者发生抑郁及焦虑的相关因素。
方法: 连续入选2018年5月至2019年9月就诊于北京大学第一医院风湿免疫科门诊的PsA和RA患者，采用抑郁自评量表和焦虑自评量表评估患者抑郁和焦虑情况，并进行对比。收集PsA患者的人口学及临床数据，包括性别、年龄、病程、疾病活动度及用药情况等，同时应用能量多普勒与灰阶超声评价关节及附着点病变。采用多因素Logistic回归分析相关因素。
结果: 入选114例PsA患者，37例(32.5%)患有精神障碍，其中36例(31.6%)合并抑郁，15例(13.2%)合并焦虑。与201名RA患者相比较，PsA患者合并抑郁的比例更高(31.6% vs. 18.9%，P=0.011)，经过校正分析发现PsA比RA发生抑郁的风险更高(校正OR=2.7，95%CI：1.1~6.4);合并焦虑患者的比例也较RA有升高趋势(13.2% vs. 8.5%，P=0.185)，但差异无统计学意义。在PsA患者中，年龄(OR=0.95，P=0.008)、银屑病病程(OR=0.94，P=0.018)、疼痛视觉模拟评分(OR=1.47，P=0.011)、银屑病皮损面积及严重程度指数(psoriasis area and severity index，PASI)(OR=1.07，P=0.007)、超声附着点炎阳性(OR=4.13，P=0.009)是抑郁的相关因素; PASI(OR=1.07，P=0.001)是焦虑的相关因素。
结论: PsA患者患抑郁与焦虑的比例较高，其中抑郁患病风险更是高于RA患者。年龄小、银屑病病程短、银屑病皮疹重、疼痛评分高、存在超声附着点炎症的PsA患者更容易出现抑郁，银屑病皮疹重是PsA患者发生焦虑的相关因素。
Keywords: Anxiety; Depression; Prevalence; Psoriatic arthritis.