Factors associated with compliance to cervical cancer screening in France: The EDIFICE 6 survey

Gynecol Oncol. 2021 Jan;160(1):112-117. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.10.032. Epub 2020 Nov 4.

Abstract

Introduction: A nationwide cervical cancer (CC) screening program was implemented in France in 2018. Asymptomatic women are invited for a cytological test once every 3 years (age, 25-29 years), and an HPV test every 5 years (age, 30-65 years). We investigated the characteristics of women who are resistant to CC screening.

Methods: Since 2005, the EDIFICE survey program has assessed attitudes toward cancer screening in France. The 6th edition (2017) included 12,046 representative women (age, 18-69 years). Social vulnerability was assessed using the EPICES score. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis identified factors correlated with nonuptake of CC screening.

Results: Questionnaires from 4499 women (age, 25-65 years) with no history of cancer were analyzed; 88% (N = 3960) reported at least one test in their lifetime, and 73% (N = 3262) did the test in the previous 3 years. Compared to ever-screened women, never-screened women were younger (38 ± 11 yrs. vs 44 ± 12 yrs., P < 0.05), and more likely to be single (48% vs 20%, P < 0.05) and/or socially vulnerable (59% vs 38%, P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, items significantly (P < 0.05) associated with never screening included living alone (OR = 2.26, 95% CI [1.85-2.75]) and social vulnerability (OR = 1.95 [1.59-2.40]). Women who were not compliant with recommendations were more likely to be older (mean age, 49.2 yrs. vs. 43.2 yrs), living alone (single, widowed or divorced, 40% vs. 30%, P < 0.05), and/or socially vulnerable (55% vs. 35%, P < 0.05; OR = 1.78, 95% CI [1.49-2.12]).

Conclusion: This analysis identified several factors associated with never screening and under-screening. Effective prevention messages should specifically target these populations.

Keywords: Attitude to health; Early detection of Cancer; Mass screening; Risk factors; Socioeconomic factors; Uterine cervical neoplasms.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Early Detection of Cancer / psychology
  • Early Detection of Cancer / statistics & numerical data*
  • Female
  • France
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Papanicolaou Test / statistics & numerical data
  • Patient Acceptance of Health Care / psychology
  • Patient Acceptance of Health Care / statistics & numerical data
  • Social Factors
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Treatment Adherence and Compliance / statistics & numerical data
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / diagnosis*
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / psychology