Latent tuberculosis infection prevalence in rural Madagascar

Gouri Sadananda; Astrid M Knoblauch; Andry Andriamiadanarivo; Kimmerling Razafindrina; Ideal Ambinintsoa; Roger Mario Rabetombosoa; Christine E Pando; Lai Yu Tsang; Peter M Small; Niaina Rakotosamimanana; Simon Grandjean Lapierre

doi:10.1093/trstmh/traa054

Latent tuberculosis infection prevalence in rural Madagascar

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2020 Nov 6;114(11):883-885. doi: 10.1093/trstmh/traa054.

Authors

Gouri Sadananda¹, Astrid M Knoblauch^{2

3

4}, Andry Andriamiadanarivo^{5

6}, Kimmerling Razafindrina^{5

6}, Ideal Ambinintsoa^{5

6}, Roger Mario Rabetombosoa^{5

6}, Christine E Pando^{6

7}, Lai Yu Tsang^{6

7}, Peter M Small⁶, Niaina Rakotosamimanana², Simon Grandjean Lapierre^{2

8

9}

Affiliations

¹ Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
² Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Ambatofotsikely, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar.
³ Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, 4051 Basel, Switzerland.
⁴ University of Basel, P.O. Box, 4003 Basel, Switzerland.
⁵ Centre ValBio Research Station, BP 33 Ranomafana, Ifanadiana, Madagascar.
⁶ Stony Brook University, Global Health Institute, 100 Nicholls Road, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
⁷ Stony Brook University, School of Medicine, 101 Nicholls Road, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
⁸ Immunopathology Axis, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900 rue Saint-Denis, Montréal H2X 3H8, Canada.
⁹ Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology Department, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Edouard Montpetit, Montreal H3T 1J4, Canada.

Abstract

Background: Understanding latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (LTBI) prevalence is crucial for the design of TB control strategies. There are no data on LTBI in rural Madagascar.

Methods: Tuberculin skin tests were performed in 98 adults aged >15 y in five rural villages in the Ifanadiana district, Madagascar.

Results: Of adults, 78.6% were positive for LTBI, ranging between 28.6% and 95.0% among villages. The majority (65.3%) showed an induration reaction of >15 mm.

Conclusions: LTBI prevalence is high in rural Madagascar. Long-term TB control strategies including LTBI testing and treatment must account for high and heterogeneous prevalence in remote, underdeveloped areas.

Keywords: HIV; Madagascar; TB; latent TB infection; tuberculin skin test.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adult
Humans
Interferon-gamma Release Tests
Latent Tuberculosis* / diagnosis
Latent Tuberculosis* / epidemiology
Madagascar / epidemiology
Prevalence
Tuberculin Test