Abstract
Ferroptosis is a widely recognized process of regulated cell death linking redox state, metabolism, and human health. It is considered a defense mechanism against extensive lipid peroxidation, a complex process that may disrupt the membrane integrity, eventually leading to toxic cellular injury. Ferroptosis is controlled by iron, reactive oxygen species, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Accumulating evidence has addressed that ferroptosis plays an unneglectable role in regulating the development and progression of multiple pathologies of the liver, including hepatocellular carcinoma, liver fibrosis, nonalcoholic steatosis, hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, and liver failure. This review may increase our understating of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of liver disease progression and establish the foundation of strategies for pharmacological intervention.
Keywords:
Cell death; Ferroptosis; Iron; Liver; ROS.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
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Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
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Caffeic Acids / pharmacology
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Caffeic Acids / therapeutic use
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Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / drug therapy
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Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / pathology
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Cycloheximide / pharmacology
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Cycloheximide / therapeutic use
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Cyclohexylamines / pharmacology
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Cyclohexylamines / therapeutic use
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Deferoxamine / pharmacology
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Deferoxamine / therapeutic use
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Disease Models, Animal
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Disease Progression
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Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / metabolism
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Ferroptosis / drug effects
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Ferroptosis / physiology*
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Humans
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Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / pharmacology
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Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
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Iron / metabolism
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Lipid Peroxidation / drug effects
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Liver / drug effects
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Liver / pathology*
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Liver Cirrhosis / drug therapy
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Liver Cirrhosis / pathology
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Liver Failure / drug therapy
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Liver Failure / pathology
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Liver Neoplasms / drug therapy
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Liver Neoplasms / pathology
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Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / drug therapy
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Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / pathology
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Phenylenediamines / pharmacology
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Phenylenediamines / therapeutic use
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Quinoxalines / pharmacology
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Quinoxalines / therapeutic use
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Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
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Reperfusion Injury / drug therapy
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Reperfusion Injury / pathology
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Spiro Compounds / pharmacology
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Spiro Compounds / therapeutic use
Substances
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Antineoplastic Agents
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Caffeic Acids
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Cyclohexylamines
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Fatty Acids, Unsaturated
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Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
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Phenylenediamines
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Quinoxalines
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Reactive Oxygen Species
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Spiro Compounds
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cinnamyl-3,4-dihydroxycyanocinnamate
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ferrostatin-1
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liproxstatin-1
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Cycloheximide
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Iron
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Deferoxamine